Handling Out-of-Bounds Job Interview Questions

Going to a job interview and answering questions canabout actual criminal convictions-especially felonies- are
be stressful. But being asked certain questions canlikely to be allowed. In some cases, such as jobs that
take you over the top into uncharted territory. Therecause regular exposure to children, they may be
are firm rules and laws about interviews and whatrequired.
questions cannot legitimately be asked. Knowing thoseWhat is your race?
rules and laws can save your job prospects. Or theySome questions about race and ethnic background
can put the interviewer into hot water.are allowed--but they are limited.
Some questions are illegal in most interview situations:Are you married? Do you take care of your children
What are your disabilities or health problems?or aging parents?
The Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA) makes itThis can be a touchy area, even though it is not clearly
illegal to ask most questions about disabilities. Askingillegal. If the questions are asked as part of a pattern
for a medical exam before a job offer is made is alsoof discriminating against women, they are not
illegal. Except in very, very limited cases it's also illegalpermissible.
to ask about the last time you were hospitalized or ifQuestions about marriage are usually not covered by
you ever has psychiatry treatments.federal law. Many times they are covered by state
An interviewer is permitted to ask about health issueslaw.
or disabilities which will clearly interfere with jobHow to answer
performance. If you can't lift the weight of objects youThere is no single correct way to answer an illegal or
will deal with on the job, the employer is entitled toborderline question asked in a job interview. A lot of
know. Same goes for your mobility, if the job requiresjudgment is involved. Here are some options to
you to go from one place to another under your ownconsider:
power.--One way is to answer completely. Shape your
Once an actual job offer is made the employer mayanswer so it shows your strengths and skills. You may
inquire about disabilities--if they will interfere with jobpossibly want to show the interviewer that you are
performance and if reasonable accommodations mustgood at answering tough questions without losing your
be made.concentration or poise.
Your age?--Make your answers as brief as possible. A brief
Most of the time this question is not permitted. Theanswer gives the interviewer less rope with which to
Age Discrimination in Employment Act was written tohang you. Some people think a quick, humorous
protect those age 40 and over. There are a fewanswer works. But that depends on a lot, such as your
legitimate exceptions. Some jobs have legal age limits.skill being a humorist--a skill not everyone has.
Some jobs require physical skills only younger people--Do not answer a question you are sure is over the
have.line. Before the interview prepare a polite way of
Are you a US citizen?refusing to answer a loaded question. You might say
Most jobs should be open to anyone who qualifies,something like: "As far as I can tell that question
whether or not they are US citizens. Some jobsdoesn't have anything to do with my job qualifications."
involve national security. In those cases citizenship mayResponding with a smile is usually better than
be a legitimate issue. A worker's authorization to workresponding with hostility. Make sure you do not lie. Lies
in the US--holding a green card, for instance--is usuallycan come back to haunt you since they are a
a permissible question.legitimate ground to fire you if you get the job and are
Questions that are on the legal edgefound out later.
Some questions are legal, but if handled poorly could--Inquire how the question relates to the job. Do this as
result in bias, which is not legal.politely and pleasantly as possible. Your first reaction to
What is your religion?the question may be negative. But it is possible the
If the job is for the position as a congregation leader ofinterviewer can explain a legitimate need for the
a particular religion, that question can be asked. Butquestion. So make sure you do not box yourself in by
most jobs by far are beyond the realm where religiousbeing too defensive or accusing.
membership can be asked. Title VII of the Civil RightsIf you think something bad happened in the interview
Act of 1964 covers religious discrimination. ForIt is a very good idea to make careful notes about the
example, a clerk at a store that is run by a church is ainterview as soon as possible. If you ever file a
job that does not require religious membership, socomplaint or do something legal to protect your rights,
religion cannot be asked for that job.your notes could be your best defense. Write down
What is your arrest record? What is your convictionthe time you make your notes. If your notes are made
record?within minutes of the meeting, they are more valuable
The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission hasthan if you wait a week to write something down.
ruled that such questions are not allowed. Questions